Radiator



MW@ W 13 W. E. MUENSTLER ,W97

RADIATOR Filed Aug. l5, 1954 J5' ,25 @j y 'HIL i ll

am, x A lNvENTo w55 Z6 r' Patented Apr. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENToEFlcE RADIATOR Walter E. Kuenstler, Grantwood, N. J. Application August15, 1934, Serial No. 739,847

4 Claims.

This invention relates to an improvement in radiators for heatingpurposes and has for its object to provide a radiator structure moreparticularly adapted for single-pipe heating systems and having improvedheating efficiency and operation.

It has been determined that a great deal of the inefficiency in heating,and the noises occurrent in single pipe heating systems, is due to themanner in which the steam is directed into the radiators and the coursewhich the steam follows therein. InV a radiator of conventionalconstruction the steam enters the radiator at one end of the same,flowing in a horizontal direction, and upon entering the bottom passageof the radiator, it rises in the various sections of the radiator. Thecondensation water, dropping down in the various radiator sections,iiows back along the lower horizontal passage where the steam isentering and against the velocity of the steam.l During the heating upof the radiator, this causes water hammer. Water hammer or radiatorknocking so common in single pipe radiator systems, is caused by waterattempting to flow along a slightly inclined or horizontal plane againstthe velocityof steam flowing in an opposite direction. The velocity ofthe steam drives the water against the end of the passage with suchforce as to create hammer. It is obto provide a passage wherein steam isinjected and in which Water will collectand ow, is one wherein hammerand knock is most likely to occur.

The primary object of my invention, therefore, is to provide a radiatorso designed that the steam upon enteringthe radiator, is directedupwardly or vertically toward the top of the radiator and is distributedthrough the top passage thereof, permitting the condensation and steamto descend together in the same direction. With this arrangement, theventing air, steam and condensation do not meet in an opposing ilowuntil the condensation reaches the steam inlet opening and then it meetsthe steam only in a vertical owing position so that water hammer doesnot occur.

A further feature of the invention resides in the venting of air at thebottom of the radiator. By directing the steam to the top of theradiator, it iiows downwardly and forces the air before it in itsnatural flow. In this manner, the air, steam and water all ilow in thesame direction and water hammer and air binding is completely avoided.

In the accompanying drawing, wherein an emvious from this, that aradiator so designed as.

bodiment of the invention is shown, Fig. 1 is a front elevation, withparts in section of the improved radiator; Fig. 2 is a sectional view onthe line 2--2 of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows; andFig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, looking in thedirection of the arrows.

In the drawing, 5 and 6 indicate the end sections of the radiator. Eachof said sections is providedwith supporting legs 8, upon which theradiator is held in an elevated position above the floor. The endsections are each provided Vwith a closed, relatively flat end wall 1spaced from an inner wall 9 to provide a vertically disposed iluidpassage I0 between them. The passage I0 communicates at its lower endwith a boss I I and at its upper end with a boss I2, these two bossesvconnecting respectively with the bosses I3 and I4 formed on the adjacentintermediate section I5 of the radiator.` The intermediate section I5 ofthe radiator is provided with the bosses I3 and I4 connected by thenipples 22 with the bosses I I and I2 on the end section 5.

The intermediate section I5 is provided with a vertically extending,flat iluid passage I6v which communicates with the b osses I3 at itsupper end and with the bosses I 4 at its lower end'. At its lower end,the passage IE is formed with an enlarged outlet I1 which connects tothe steam inlet pipe I8 in which a'shut-ol valve I9 is located. It willthus be seen that steam entering into the radiator lfrom the pipe I8will be directed vertically up through the passage I6. Connected to theintermediate radiator section I5 is a plurality of additionalintermediate sections 2|) which are similar in construction and shape tothe intermediate section I5 except that the lower ends of the passagesI6 are closed, as shown at 2| in Fig. 1.

The intermediate sections 20 are provided with the bosses I3 and I4which connect together by means of the nipples 22 so that the radiatoris provided with the continuous, horizontally disposed fluid passages 23and 24 communicating with the Vertical uid passages Ill and IB in theradiator sections.

The intermediate sections I5 and 20 of the radiator are provided attheir front and rear with laterally extending flanges 25, thelongitudinal edges of which abut when the sections are placed togetherso that the radiator presents a relative smooth flat face on its frontand rear. The several sections are also provided at their top with anges26 so that the top also of the radiator is provided with a continuoussmooth upper face.

Ill

At the upper portion of the front, and if desirable at the rear or top,the anges 25 on the several radiator sections are recessed as at 21 inFig. l to provide spaced, abutting lugs 28 which cooperate to form agrille between them. The flanges 25 and 26, and the end walls 'I allcooperate in the formation of a radiator in which the front, back, topand ends are in the form of substantially flat or plane surfaces. Theseanges and end walls also co-operate to form the vertical lues or airpassages clearly shown at 35 in Figs. 2 and 3. As will be there seen,said air passages are located between the several radiator sections, andair entering through the open bottoms of these passages and owing upwardthrough the same, will be heated by contact with the walls of the steampassages I G and emerge from the grille openings 21 at the upper front,top or back of the radiator wherever the grille or grilles are located.To aid in heating the air passing through the passages 35,heat-radiating iins 36 are formed on the walls of the steam passages I6,said fins projecting toward one another in the air passage but not inactual contact.

The intermediate section 29 of the radiator located at the right in Fig.1 is similar in construction to the section shown at I5 and similarreference numerals have been applied to its parts. The widened openingI'I, in the section 29, receives an air valve 30 which is threadedvertically into the opening I'I.

From the construction described, it will be seen that steam directedthrough the pipe I8 will be introduced into the radiator in a verticaldirection and will reach the top horizontal passage 23 wherein it willbe distributed. The condensation and steam will thus ow down togetherthrough the several vertical passages I6 to reach the lower horizontalpassage 24. With this arrangement, the steam, condensation, and ventingair are all moving in the same direction so that water hammerA andnoises incidental to the conventional single section type of steamsystem will be completely avoided.

What I claim is:

1. In a radiator, end sections, a plurality of intermediate sectionsdisposed between and connected to the end sections. an intermediatesection situated contiguous to one of the end sections having aheating-huid inlet opening located at its bottom, an. air valve chamberlocated in the bottom of an intermediate section situated contiguous tothe other end section, there being a plurality of intermediate heatingsections located between and separating those sections in which thefluid inlet opening and valve chamber are respectively located, theinletopening being situated in its section at a point located substantiallyon the vertical center line of said section, the air valve chamber beingalso located on the vertical center line of its section whereby asubstantially equal amount of heating surface is disposed on oppositesides of the vertical center lines of said chamber and openingtransversely of the length of the radiator in each of the sections inwhich the opening and chamber are respectively 1ocated.

2. In a radiator adapted for single pipe heating systems, end sections,a plurality of intermediate sections disposed between and connected tothe end sections, the various connected sections having upper and lowerhorizontally disposed uid passages connected by vertically disposedpassages, one of the vertically disposed passages being located in anintermediate section situated contiguous to and connected to an endsection, having its lower end enlarged to form a vertically disposedinlet opening whereby steam passing therethrough will be injecteddirectly upward through the vertically disposed passage and toward theupper horizontal passage, and an air vent valve located at the enlargedlower end of an intermediate section situated farthest from the sectionin which the 'inlet opening is located, said valve being disposed withinthe section in which it is located.

3. In a single pipe system radiator, a plurality oi' connected sectionscontaining vertical iuid passages connected to upper and lowerhorizontally disposed fluid passages, one of the vertically disposedpassages located contiguous to one end of the horizontal passages havinga widened downwardly directed opening for connection to an inlet pipe,said opening being located on the vertical center of the passage,another of the vertically disposed passages located adjacent to theopposite end of the horizontal passages provided with a widenedcentrally located downwardly directed opening, and a closure member forthe last mentioned opening constructed to retain an air vent valvewithin the last mentioned widened verticaily disposed passage.

fl. In a single pipe system radiator, a plurality o connected radiatorsections co-operating to form an upper horizontally extending uidpassage and a lower horizontally extending fluid passage, each of saidsections having a vertical passage extending between and communicatingwith the two horizontal passages, one of the sections at one end of theradiator having the lower end of its vertical passage enlarged at acentral point to form a central connection at the bottom o1 the sectionfor a heating uid inlet pipe, another section at the opposite end of theradiator having a similar enlarged central portion at its lower endforming a chamber for the reception of a valve.

WALTER E. KUENSTLER.

